Research into Complex Adaptive Systems: Genetic Algorithms (Evolutionary Algorithms), Neural Networks, and Simulated Annealing. University of Wyoming.

Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory, Iowa State University.

Institute of Perception, Action and Behaviour, University of Edinburgh. Self-repairing robots; artificial evolution systems.

University of Memphis. Conscious software, intelligent agents.

Michigan State University. Interests: self-replicating computer programs that mutate at random.

University of Sussex, Evolutionary and Adaptive Systems Group. Hardware evolution; swarm intelligence.

Northwestern University. Emotions and personality embodiment on computers.

Interviews with Karl Sims and a gallery of his works in evolutionary art and artificial evolution.

Gene Pool, Darwin Pond and papers on Artificial Life.

Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University. Bioinformatics, biological textures.

Artificial life links and software.